What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
One of the most common orthopaedic conditions seen in people of all ages is carpal tunnel syndrome. The carpal tunnel is a tunnel through which two long arm tendons and the highly important median nerve pass through. It is the connection point between the forearm and the inner side of the wrist (towards the palm).
When these tendons are inflamed due to overuse, when the wrist is fractured, affected by rheumatoid arthritis, or many others, the median nerve can become compressed. This can present as numbness, tingling and pain at the area of carpal tunnel as well on the two and the half digits of the fingers and the thumb.
People with carpal tunnel syndrome often report inconvenience and discomfort at work, school, and during recreational activities or hobbies. It generally happens due to repetitive wrist flexion and extension activities like typing. However, any kind of fall of trauma can also cause carpal tunnel syndrome.
The most characteristic sign of carpal tunnel syndrome is a “pins-and-needles” numb, tingling, and/or burning sensation, primarily in the thumb, index finger, and middle finger, and that can interfere with using the hands comfortably. If untreated, carpal tunnel syndrome can progress to pain, ultimately leading to hand weakness or immobility. The symptoms tend to get worse with sleep because most people sleep with their wrists slightly flexed. This means symptoms are worse at night and immediately after waking up. Due to the inflammation in the tendons, you may also feel added stiffness and immobility after waking up.
How physical therapy can help you
Before we start treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome it is important to rule out if the symptoms are coming from the median nerve at the carpal tunnel or from the neck. The physical therapist will perform all the assessment tests required to confirm that it is a carpal tunnel syndrome.
The physical therapy then plans the treatment which includes, pain management modalities, bracing and taping, nerve and wrist mobilization, range of motion exercises and strengthening.
